The cleaning machine is a complete set of equipment that integrates pumps, valves, high-pressure water jets, mechanical structures, conveying, automation and other main technologies, as well as auxiliary technologies such as sealing, ventilation, heat exchange, cleaning fluid filtration, oil removal, and chip removal. It is generally composed of several major systems such as transmission, cleaning, filtration, drying, oil removal, slag discharge, and electrical control. The functions and implementation methods of each system are introduced below.
Transmission System
The transmission system is an important part of the cleaning machine, and its design directly affects the performance of the whole machine. The design of the cleaning machine transmission system should meet the technical requirements of stable operation, simple structure, easy wear of parts, accurate positioning, and convenient end unloading. The transmission system can be implemented in various forms such as stepping, lifting stepping, chain plate, chain trolley, and motorized roller conveyor. Among them, the lifting stepping type is further divided into pneumatic, hydraulic, and electric.
Cleaning System
The cleaning system is responsible for the cleaning of parts and is the core of the entire cleaning machine. The differences between general-purpose, special-purpose, flexible, and ultrasonic cleaning machines based on different principles are mainly reflected in the cleaning system. Cleaning systems involve a variety of processes. For example, jet cleaning systems, depending on the different parts and the varying cleaning requirements of different areas within the same part, employ high-pressure and low-pressure jet cleaning processes, as well as point-and-position cleaning techniques such as insertion cleaning and plugging cleaning.
Filtration systems are essential for improving the cleanliness of parts and assemblies. Filters are crucial for strictly filtering the cleaning solution, making them vital in cleaning machines. Based on different filtration processes and precision, filters can be categorized as drum filters, paper tape filters, bag filters, and the technologically advanced self-cleaning filters.
Drying systems remove moisture from cleaned parts to prevent rusting and assembly issues. Drying methods include blowing, baking, and vacuum drying. Blowing methods include compressed air drying, cold air drying, and hot air drying, while vacuum drying is the most advanced and effective method for removing moisture.
Freshness systems are crucial for improving the cleanliness of parts and assemblies. Oil Removal System
During the cleaning process, oil stains are washed off the parts and enter the cleaning solution as impurities. If not removed quickly, the cleaning effect will be weakened. Therefore, the oil removal system is an essential component of the cleaning machine. Depending on their structure and operating principle, equipment used in oil removal systems includes mesh oil separators, differential oil separators, disc oil separators, and chain oil separators.
Slag Removal System
The slag removal system is mainly responsible for collecting and treating impurities such as iron filings and molding sand contained in the filtrate. This system generally includes two aspects: cleaning impurities from the wastewater entering the slag tank and cleaning impurities filtered out by the filtration system. Finally, all impurities are collected in the slag collection box.
Electrical Control System
The electrical control system is used to control the operating parameters of the cleaning machine to ensure the coordinated, safe, reliable, and efficient operation of all the above systems. The electrical control system of a cleaning machine generally uses a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) as the main control system. Proximity switches and pressure controllers and other detection elements realize the input of the PLC. Then, with the help of control programs, it realizes the manual control and fully automatic control required by the process, thereby ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the cleaning machine.